Pythagorean Expectation Formula:
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The Pythagorean Expectation is a formula created by Bill James to estimate how many games a baseball team should have won based on runs scored and runs allowed. It's called "Pythagorean" because the original version resembled the Pythagorean theorem.
The calculator uses the Pythagorean Expectation formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula calculates what percentage of games a team should win based on their run differential, then applies this to the actual number of games played.
Details: Pythagorean wins help evaluate team performance independent of luck. A significant difference between actual and expected wins may indicate overperformance or underperformance.
Tips: Enter total runs scored, total runs allowed, and games played. All values must be valid (non-negative numbers, games > 0).
Q1: Why use 1.83 as the exponent?
A: Research has shown 1.83 provides the most accurate results for Major League Baseball. Other leagues may use different exponents.
Q2: What does a large difference between actual and expected wins mean?
A: It may indicate luck (good or bad) in close games, exceptional bullpen performance, or other factors not captured by run differential.
Q3: Can this predict future performance?
A: Many analysts believe expected wins are a better predictor of future performance than actual wins, especially early in the season.
Q4: How accurate is this formula?
A: Typically predicts actual wins within ±3-4 games over a full season, though some teams consistently outperform or underperform.
Q5: Are there adjusted versions of this formula?
A: Yes, some analysts use park-adjusted runs or other modifications to improve accuracy for specific situations.