1. What is the Cost of Coal per kWh Calculation?

The Cost of Coal per kWh calculation determines the electricity generation cost from coal in Malaysia. It considers coal price, plant efficiency (heat rate), and operational costs to estimate the production cost per kilowatt-hour.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the following equation:

Where:

• \( Coal\ Cost \) — Price of coal per ton (RM/ton)
• \( Heat\ Rate \) — Energy conversion efficiency (kWh/ton)
• \( Operations \) — Operational and maintenance costs (RM/kWh)

Explanation: The equation divides the coal cost by the heat rate to get the fuel cost component, then adds operational costs to determine the total generation cost.

3. Importance of Coal Cost Calculation

Details: Accurate cost calculation is essential for energy pricing, plant efficiency analysis, and comparing different energy sources in Malaysia's electricity market.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter coal cost in RM/ton, heat rate in kWh/ton, and operations cost in RM/kWh. All values must be valid (positive numbers, heat rate > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical heat rate for coal plants?
A: Modern coal plants typically have heat rates between 8,000-10,000 kWh/ton, while older plants may be less efficient (10,000-12,000 kWh/ton).

Q2: How does coal quality affect the calculation?
A: Higher quality coal (higher energy content) improves the heat rate, lowering the fuel cost component of electricity.

Q3: What operational costs are included?
A: Includes maintenance, labor, ash disposal, and other non-fuel operational expenses specific to coal power generation.

Q4: How does this compare to other energy sources?
A: In Malaysia, coal is typically cheaper than diesel but more expensive than natural gas, though prices fluctuate based on global markets.

Q5: Why is this calculation important for Malaysia?
A: Coal accounts for a significant portion of Malaysia's electricity generation, making cost analysis crucial for energy planning and policy.