1. What is Specific Gravity?

Specific Gravity (SG) is a dimensionless quantity defined as the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance (typically water for liquids and solids). For platinum, it helps identify purity and authenticity.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the specific gravity formula:

Where:

• \( m \) — Mass of platinum sample (grams)
• \( V \) — Volume of platinum sample (cm³)
• \( \rho_{water} \) — Density of water (1 g/cm³ at 4°C)
• \( SG \) — Specific gravity (dimensionless)

Explanation: The formula compares the density of platinum to the density of water. Pure platinum has a specific gravity of about 21.45.

3. Importance of Specific Gravity for Platinum

Details: Specific gravity testing is crucial for verifying platinum purity. Since platinum is a valuable metal, accurate measurement helps detect adulteration or counterfeit materials.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips:

• Measure mass in grams using a precise scale
• Determine volume via water displacement method
• Use distilled water at 4°C for most accurate results (density = 1 g/cm³)
• All values must be positive numbers

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the specific gravity of pure platinum?
A: Pure platinum has a specific gravity of approximately 21.45 g/cm³.

Q2: Why is specific gravity important for platinum?
A: It helps verify purity since adulterated platinum will have a lower specific gravity.

Q3: How do I measure volume accurately?
A: Use water displacement method with a graduated cylinder for small samples.

Q4: Does temperature affect the measurement?
A: Yes, water density changes with temperature. For precise work, measure at 4°C.

Q5: What SG values indicate impure platinum?
A: Values significantly below 21.45 suggest the platinum may be alloyed with lighter metals.